Ruby
The red variety of corundum, colored by chromium. Only the red stones are called ruby.
How to identify Ruby
- Very hard: scratches nearly everything but diamond
- Heavy for its size
- Often has fine rutile needles ('silk')
Often confused with
- Red garnet
- Red spinel
- Red tourmaline
- Red glass and synthetic corundum
Real or fake?
- Lab-grown and glass-filled rubies are common; a lab report is the only reliable check
Is Ruby valuable?
Value varies hugely. Ask a gem lab for a report before buying or selling.
Typical retail prices
Cut gemstone$200–5,000per carat
Fine untreated rubies above one carat can cost many thousands of dollars per carat.
Typical retail ranges in US dollars, compiled from public dealer and marketplace listings in October 2026. Real prices vary widely with quality, size and origin. This is general information, not an appraisal.
What changes the price
- Color: vivid red with a slight blue tint ('pigeon blood') is the top grade
- Clarity and size: eye-clean stones above 1 carat are rare and expensive
- Treatment: most rubies are heated, and that is accepted; glass-filled stones are far cheaper and fragile
- Origin: untreated Burmese, Mozambique and Thai stones with a lab report cost the most
- Synthetic rubies are common, and only a lab can be sure
Uses
- Jewelry
Care
Very durable. Safe to wash. Treated or filled stones may need gentler care.
Identifying a stone from a description or a photo is an estimate. Many stones look alike. Ask an expert or a gem lab before you buy, sell or rely on an identification.
Updated October 2026