Turquoise
A blue-to-green copper and aluminum phosphate. It is soft, porous and often treated or imitated.
How to identify Turquoise
- Waxy, matte surface
- Often shows dark brown or black veins of host rock (matrix)
- Softer than quartz: it does not scratch glass
Often confused with
- Dyed howlite or magnesite
- Glass
- Plastic
- Chrysocolla
- Variscite
Real or fake?
- Dyed howlite and plastic are very common; very uniform, bright, cheap 'turquoise' is a warning
- A hot needle test is used by experts but damages the stone; do not do it on a piece you want to keep
Is Turquoise valuable?
Varies from cheap stabilized stone to expensive natural stone; many are treated.
Typical retail prices
Tumbled stone$3–10each
Cut gemstone$1–25per carat
Rough$20–150per pound
Natural untreated turquoise from famous mines costs far more.
Typical retail ranges in US dollars, compiled from public dealer and marketplace listings in October 2026. Real prices vary widely with quality, size and origin. This is general information, not an appraisal.
What changes the price
- Color: even, medium-to-deep sky blue ('robin's egg') without green or gray is best
- Matrix: a fine, attractive spiderweb matrix can add value, heavy brown matrix lowers it
- Hardness and treatment: natural untreated stone is rare; stabilized (resin-hardened) turquoise is common and much cheaper, and dyed howlite and plastic are sold as turquoise
- Origin: Sleeping Beauty, Persian (Nishapur) and old-mine stones with documentation command premiums
Uses
- Jewelry
- Inlay and Native American silverwork
Care
Porous: avoid soap, oils, perfume and sweat. Wipe with a dry cloth.
Identifying a stone from a description or a photo is an estimate. Many stones look alike. Ask an expert or a gem lab before you buy, sell or rely on an identification.
Updated October 2026